【论文摘要】介绍了绿色环保幕墙的产生和应用的背景．对光电幕墙、双层动态节能幕墙和生态暮墙等绿色环保节能幕墙及其动态节能技术进行论述。
【 abstract 】 introduced the background and application of green walls. The photoelectric curtain wall, double dynamic energy saving curtain wall and sunset ecological wall of green environmental protection energy-saving curtain wall and its dynamic energy saving technologies such as discussed.
【论文关键词】绿色幕墙 环保节能 动态节能
【 key words 】 the green curtain wall dynamic energy-saving environmental protection and energy saving
随着幕墙在建筑中的不断应用，人们环保意识的不断进步，社会对环保和节能的呼声越来越高，人们对于幕墙的绿色环保和节能也提出了新的要求。目前在各种建筑中，绿色环保幕墙的应用也越来越多，技术也从实践开始走向成熟。
Along with the continuous application of curtain wall in the building, the people environmental protection consciousness of constant progress, society calls for the environmental protection and energy saving more and more high, people for the curtain wall of green environmental protection and energy saving are also put forward new requirements. At present in various buildings, use of curtain wall of green environmental protection is also more and more, the technology is also starting from the practice to mature.
本文对光电幕墙、双层动态节能幕墙和生态幕墙等绿色环保节能幕墙及其动态节能技术进行介绍和阐述。
In this paper, the photoelectric curtain wall curtain wall, double dynamic energy saving curtain wall and ecological and green environmental protection energy-saving curtain wall and its dynamic energy saving technologies are introduced and described.
1绿色环保节能幕墙的应用背景
1 the green environmental protection energy-saving curtain wall application background
据相关资料显示，我国目前每年房屋建筑面积约有10亿平方米，其中的住宅面积约有5到6亿平方米，工业面积约有1亿平方米。我国的建筑能耗占全国总能耗的40％以上。是相同气候发达国家的2至3倍，因建筑门窗幕墙部分不节能的耗能占建筑能耗的40一50％。
According to relevant data show that China's current annual housing construction area of about 1 billion square meters, the residential area of about 5 to 600 million square meters, the industrial area of about 100 million square meters. Our country's building energy consumption accounts for over 40% of the total energy consumption in China. Is the same climate in developed countries 2 to 3 times, for building Windows and doors curtain wall parts not energy saving 50% of energy consumption of building energy consumption in a 40.
据估算，我国每年竣工的幕墙工程的能耗影响巨大，如果不能正确的加以引导与管理，很有可能会出现大规模消耗常规能源，对能源供应、资源利用和环境保护带来巨大的压力，从而可能带来严重的能源、环境与资源问题。影响到我国经济社会的和谐发展。因此，绿色环保节能幕墙的应用具有重要意义。
According to estimates, every year in our country the energy consumption of the finished curtain wall engineering has had a huge impact, if not the correct guidance and management, is likely to appear large consume conventional energy, the energy supply, resources utilization and environmental protection brings great pressure, which may lead to the serious energy and environmental and resource problems. Affect China's economic and social harmonious development. Therefore, application of green environmental protection energy-saving curtain wall is of great significance.
目前。我国方大公司在国内已经率先研制成功的太阳能光电幕墙，引起了与会专家的高度关注。而且，该产品已在方大集团科技中心大厦工程中得到首次应用．相信类似的绿色环保节能幕墙工程将会得到越来越广的应用。
At present. Big company in China has led the way in domestic successful solar photoelectric curtain wall, the height of the experts attending the meeting notice. And, the products have been in the first application in the big group technology center project. Believe that similar green environmental protection energy-saving curtain wall engineering will be more and more widely applied.
2绿色环保节能幕墙简述
2 green environmental protection energy-saving curtain wall paper
绿色环保节能幕墙。就是具有无污染(或者污染很低)、并具有环保和节约能源功能的幕墙。这是幕墙今后发展的必然趋势。目前应用比较多、研究比较多的有三类：光电幕墙、双层动态节能幕墙，以及生态幕墙。这三类绿色环保节能幕墙的应用与动态节能技术在后面的论述中详细介绍。
Green environmental protection energy-saving curtain wall. Is a pollution free (or very low pollution), and which has the function of environmental protection and energy saving wall. This is a trend of the future development of curtain wall. Current research application is more and more has three types: photoelectric curtain wall, double dynamic energy saving curtain wall, curtain wall and ecology. These three kinds of green environmental protection energy-saving technology in the application of energy-saving curtain wall and the dynamic behind the discussed in detail.
3光电幕墙及其动态节能技术
3 photoelectric curtain wall and its dynamic energy saving technology
光电幕墙的产生是在二十世纪初期。随着世界经济的发展，一些国家出现能源危机。常规发电成本的不断上升和人们环保意识的不断增强。致使他们纷纷推广、实施太阳能利用技术，并提出了“建筑物产生能源”的概念．推动了光电技术应用于建筑物的科研和使用，由此光电幕墙开始研发。
Production of photoelectric curtain wall is at the beginning of the twentieth century. With the development of world economy, energy crisis in some countries. Conventional power generation costs rising and people unceasing enhancement in environmental consciousness. Cause they are promotion, implementation of solar energy utilization technology, and puts forward the concept of "building energy production". Promote the photovoltaic technology is applied to the structure of the research and use of the photoelectric curtain wall began to develop.
光电幕墙设计时。要考虑光电池组、光电板、导线、集成电路、整流器等各因素。还需考虑幕墙传统的安全、防护、密封、装饰等功能。各项指标必须满足国家标准规定，使其达到最佳使用效果。此外，还要考虑安装方向，安装阳光照射时间长的部位，等等。
When the photoelectric curtain wall design. To consider light battery, photovoltaic panels, wire, integrated circuit, rectifier, and so on various factors. Of the curtain wall of traditional security, protection, sealing, decoration, etc. The indicators must meet the state standards, make the best use effect. In addition, consider installation direction, sunshine time long spot, and so on.
3．1光电暮墙
3.1 photoelectric both walls
光电幕墙是一种集发电、隔音、隔热、安全、装饰功能于一体的新型建筑幕墙．它是用光电池、光电板技术，把太阳光转化为电能，它关键的技术是太阳能光电池技术。太阳能光电池是利用太阳光的光子能量。使得被照射的电解液或者半导体材料的电子移动，从而产生电压．这称为光电效应。光电幕墙代表着幕墙技术发展的新方向。
Photoelectric curtain wall is a set of power generation, sound insulation, heat insulation, safety, in the integration of new building curtain wall decoration function. It is to use photovoltaic, pv technology, converting sunlight into electricity, and its key technology is the solar photovoltaic technology. Solar cell is to use the photon energy from sunlight. Made by irradiation of electrolyte or electronic mobile semiconductor materials, resulting in a voltage. This is known as the photoelectric effect. The photoelectric curtain wall represents the new direction of the curtain wall technology development.
4双层动态节能幕墙及其动态节能技术
Four double dynamic energy saving curtain wall and its dynamic energy saving technology
4．1双层动态节能暮墙
4.1 double sunset dynamic energy-saving wall
双层动态节能幕墙．它是由双层结构组合而成的幕墙，由外层幕墙、内层幕墙、遮阳幕墙、进风幕墙、出风装置组成。内层一般都有能够开启的门窗。在外层幕墙的遮挡下，室外环境再恶劣也能保证内层门窗的正常开启．外层幕墙的进出风口和内层门窗的开启均能控制。内外层之间的热通道。可利用太阳能产生烟囱效应或温室效应，从而做到既保证必要的通风、换气，又能够节约能源。因此。双层动态节能幕墙又被称为热通道幕墙，按通风原理分为自然通风和强制通风两种系统。
Double dynamic energy saving curtain wall. It is made up by double deck structure of curtain wall, the outer walls, inner walls, shading curtain wall, the wind curtain wall, the wind device component. Inner layer generally has to open the doors and Windows. In outer wall, under the cover of the outdoor environment and bad also to make sure that the normal inner doors and Windows open. The outer curtain wall into the outlet and the inner doors and Windows open can control. Between the inner and outer layer heat channels. Can make use of solar energy chimney effect, or the greenhouse effect, which do not only ensure the necessary ventilation, ventilation, and can save energy. Therefore. Double dynamic energy saving curtain wall thermal channel is also known as curtain wall, according to ventilation principle is divided into two forced ventilation and natural ventilation system.
4．2双层动态节能幕墙的性能特点
4.2 the performance characteristics of double dynamic energy saving curtain wall
双层动态智能节能幕墙。在幕墙内配有电动闪开内倒窗、平行外开窗、电动遮阳百叶以及电动通风VI；顶部采光顶为钢结构形式，采光顶分为两层布置，上层为电动遮阳百叶系。下层为带有电动滑窗的隐框玻璃幕墙；采光幕墙占到整个幕墙面积的比例较大．易于获取良好的光线。
Double dynamic intelligent energy-saving curtain wall. In a curtain wall is equipped with electric to duck down window, parallel outside the window, electric blinds and electric ventilation VI; The toplight for steel structure, lighting roof is divided into two layers to decorate, the upper for electric blinds. Bottom is with electric sliding window of concealed frame glass curtain wall; Light curtain wall accounted for the whole curtain wall area ratio is bigger. Easy to get a good light.
所以。双层动态节能幕墙，在动态节能上具有极大的优势。它具有的技术性能包括：
So. Double dynamic energy saving curtain wall, has a great advantage in the dynamic energy. It has technical performance include:
1)运用动气热压原理和烟囱效应。让新鲜的空气进入室内，把室内污浊的空气排到室外，并且能够有效防止灰尘进入室内，具有绿色的环保功效。
1) by using the principle of the gas compression and stack effect. Let the fresh air into the indoor, indoor air exhaust to the outside, and can effectively prevent dust from entering the interior, with green environmental protection effect.
2)它对冬天的“冷处理”和夏天的“热处理”非常合理，具有卓越的冬季保温和夏季隔热功能。因此具有典型的动态节能性。
2) for winter "cold treatment" and "summer" heat treatment "is very reasonable, and has excellent heat preservation in winter and summer heat insulation function. So it is of typical dynamic energy.
3)合理的采光功能，可根据使用者的需要，调整光线的变化，改善室内环境。
3) reasonable daylighting function, can according to the needs of users, to adjust the light changes, improve the indoor environment.
4)卓越的隔声降噪功能，为使用者创造宁静地工作生活环境。
4) excellent acoustic noise reduction features for users to create a quiet work environment.
5)技术含量高，构造特殊，具有良好的视觉美感。从上述的几个特点可以看出，双层动态节能幕墙具有良好的绿色环保节能性。
5) high technical content, special structure, has the good visual aesthetic feeling. Several characteristics can be seen from the above, the double dynamic energy saving curtain wall has good green environmental protection and energy saving.
5生态幕墙及其动态节能技术
Five ecological curtain wall and its dynamic energy saving technology
5．1生态幕墙
5.1 the curtain wall
生态幕墙，它是随着建筑生态化的发展而发展的。所谓生态建筑。是指根据建筑物的使用功能或使用要求。能够改变建筑生态和建筑色彩的建筑称之为生态建筑。根据使用功能或使用要求，能够改变生态和色彩的建筑幕墙称之为生态幕墙，生态幕墙是生态建筑的一种，是生态外围护结构的建筑。它是以“可持续发展”为战略，以使用的高新技术为先导，以生物气候缓冲层为重点，节约资源，减少污染，是健康舒适的生态建筑外围护结构。
Ecologic curtain wall, it is with the development of ecological building and development. The so-called ecological architecture. Refers to according to the requirements of the building use function or use. Can change the construction of ecological and architectural color is called ecological architecture. Request according to the function or use of, can change the ecology and the colour of the building curtain wall is called ecological wall, ecological curtain wall is one of the ecological building, ecological building envelope. It is "sustainable development" as the strategy, the use of high and new technology as the forerunner, with an emphasis on biological climate buffer layer, save resources, reduce pollution, is a healthy and comfortable ecological building envelope structure.
生态幕墙，可以在建筑与周围生态环境之间，建立的一个缓冲区域，既可以在一定程度防止各种极端气候对室内影响，又可以强化各种微观气候调节的效果，进而满足人们种种舒适的要求，并且能够达到适当节能的目标。生态幕墙建造，超出常规建筑学和建筑工程学的范畴。是一个系统工程，需要建筑师、结构工程师和幕墙工程师熟悉机械传动原理，了解机械加工、装配以及物理、化学和自动控制等相关科学专业的知识，需要多学科的协调，各专业的通力合作。
Ecological wall, can be in between the buildings and the surrounding ecological environment, establish a buffer zone, both can prevent all kinds of extreme weather in a certain extent influence to indoor, and can maximize the effects of various kinds of micro climate regulation, to meet the requirements of people to a variety of comfortable, and can achieve adequate energy saving goal. Ecological curtain wall construction, beyond the general category of architecture and construction engineering. Is a system engineering, need architects, structural engineers, curtain wall engineers familiar with the mechanical transmission principle, understand mechanical processing, assembly as well as physical, chemical, and automatic control or related professional knowledge, science needs multi-disciplinary coordination, each professional collaboration.
生态建筑与生态幕墙在三维空间中，引入了时间，在功能及美学上具有独特的意义，可以称其为“四维建筑”，即静与动，封闭与开放，收敛与张开，空间与时间，使建筑和幕墙更具有鲜明的音乐韵律。改变了传统建筑和幕墙终身不变的形态和色彩，拓宽了建筑和幕墙的新视野和新技术，对现代建筑和幕墙的实践和理论是一种补充和拓展，有着独立的价值和意义。这种幕墙在德国研发和使用较早，技术成熟得到广泛的发展，典型工程如德国柏林得比斯大厦、法兰克福银行大厦以及美国纽约42大街的新摄影棚、英国建筑研究所办公楼、荷兰戴尔夫特大学图书馆等都属这类幕墙。
Ecological construction and ecological wall in 3 d space, introduced the time, on the function and aesthetics has a unique meaning, can be referred to as "four dimensional architecture", namely the static and dynamic, the closed and open, convergence and open, the space and time, make the construction and curtain wall has more distinct music rhythm. Changed the traditional structure and curtain wall lifelong unchanged form and color, broadens the new horizon of construction and curtain wall and the new technology, the practice and theory of modern construction and curtain wall is a kind of complement and expansion, has the independent value and significance. This kind of curtain wall in German r&d and use the earlier, the development of the technology mature and widely, faster than a typical engineering such as the German Berlin, Frankfurt bank building, building and the new studio 42 street in New York, USA, the UK construction institute, office building, the Netherlands Dai Erfu university library are belong to this kind of curtain wall, etc.
5．2生态幕墙的节能与性能特点
5.2 ecological wall energy saving and performance characteristics
生态幕墙是科学技术的综合体现，生态幕墙具有以下性能特点：
Ecological curtain wall is the integrated embodiment of science and technology, curtain wall has the following characteristics:
1)传统幕墙理念是幕墙与自然生态环境相分离，对自然通风考虑不够：而生态设计理念是幕墙与自然生态环境组成统一的有机体。精心设计自然通风。
1) tradition is the idea of curtain wall curtain wall and separating the natural ecological environment, the natural ventilation to consider enough: the ecological design concept is curtain wall and natural ecological environment form a unified organism. The careful design of natural ventilation.
2)传统幕墙是没有或很少考虑有效的资源，能源再生利用及对生态环境的影响；而生态是必须考虑节能，资源重复利用，保护生态环境．积极利用太阳能等自然能量。
2) traditional curtain wall is little or no consideration of effective resources, energy regeneration and utilization and the ecological environment influence; And ecological energy saving should be considered, repeated utilization of resources, protect the ecological environment. Utilization of natural energy such as solar energy.
3)在设计上生态幕墙是依据环境效益和生态环境指标与功能、性能及成本来设计。
3) ecological wall on the design is based on environmental and ecological environmental indicators and to design the function, performance, and cost.
4)设计目的上。传统幕墙是以人对幕墙的美学和功能的需求为主要设计目的；而生态幕墙是为人的需求和环境而设计，其最终目的是创造舒适，健康的居住生活环境，提高自然、经济、社会的综合效益，满足可持续发展的要求，真正做到绿色、环保和节能。生态幕墙是绿色环保节能幕墙，新结构，新理念，它须和生态建筑一起设计，生态幕墙是生态建筑的主要组成部分。随着技术的发展、计算机为生态幕墙的实施提供了有力的支持，生态幕墙作为生态建筑的一部分。它的产生和发展是历史、社会、经济发展的必然，生态幕墙将会成为绿色环保节能幕墙中的一份子，为我国的环保与节能做出贡献。
4) the design purpose. The traditional curtain wall is people aesthetic and functional requirements of curtain wall as the main design purpose; And ecological curtain wall is a human needs and environment design, the ultimate goal is to create comfortable and healthy living environment, improve the comprehensive benefits of natural, economic, social, and meet the requirements of sustainable development, truly green, environmental protection and energy saving. Ecological curtain wall is green environmental protection energy-saving curtain wall, a new structure, new idea, it must be with ecological architecture design, ecological curtain wall is the main component of ecological architecture. With the development of technology, the computer provides a strong support to implement ecological curtain wall, curtain wall as part of the ecological building. Its emergence and development is the inevitable developing law of history, society, economy, ecological wall will become a part of the green environmental protection energy-saving curtain wall, contribute to environmental protection and energy saving in our country.